What term describes any government measure aimed at safeguarding domestic businesses from foreign competition?

• A. Tariffs
• B. Quotas
• C. Subsidies
• D. Protectionism

Answer: (D)

Protectionism is the practice of shielding domestic industries from foreign competition through government actions. The question refers to any government measure aimed at protecting local businesses from foreign rivals, which fits protectionism as the broad policy approach. Specific tools like tariffs, quotas, and subsidies are all instruments used to implement protectionism, but they are not the overall term themselves. Tariffs raise the price of imports through taxation, quotas cap the quantity that can enter, and subsidies provide financial support to domestic producers. Together, they illustrate how protectionism operates, with the general concept being the best answer.