Which theory outlines five levels of needs, from physiological needs to self-actualization?

• A. Herzberg's theory
• B. Maslow's hierarchy of needs
• C. McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y
• D. Job rotation

Answer: (B)

Maslow's hierarchy of needs explains that human motivation follows a sequence of five levels, starting with physiological needs like food and shelter, then safety, then social belonging, then esteem, and finally self-actualization. This structure explicitly identifies five levels, culminating in self-actualization, which matches the description in the question. The other theories describe different ideas: Herzberg focuses on hygiene factors and motivators rather than a five-tier hierarchy; McGregor frames management beliefs about workers (X vs Y) rather than a needs pyramid; and job rotation is a technique in job design, not a theory of needs.